{ "generated": "2026-09-26T16:22:22.579Z", "source": "FDA CAERS via openFDA food/event API (https://open.fda.gov/apis/food/event/)", "unit": "CAERS report listing at least one product with FDA industry code 54, date_created 2014-01-01 to 2024-12-31", "seriousDefinition": "At least one outcome of: Death, Life Threatening, Hospitalization, Disability, Required Intervention", "caveats": [ "CAERS reports are voluntary and do not establish that a product caused the event.", "A report can list several products and several outcomes; outcome counts are reports carrying that outcome.", "Keyword groups match product names only and are lower bounds (products named by brand alone are missed).", "openFDA search is not nested: the code-54 product is not necessarily the product suspected in the report." ], "openfdaLastUpdated": "2026-07-07", "industryCheck": { "term": "Vit/Min/Prot/Unconv Diet(Human/Animal)", "count": 35817 }, "total": { "n": 35817, "url": "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&limit=1" }, "serious": { "n": 12113, "url": "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+outcomes.exact:(%22Death%22+OR+%22Life+Threatening%22+OR+%22Hospitalization%22+OR+%22Disability%22+OR+%22Required+Intervention%22)&limit=1", "share": 33.8 }, "outcomes": { "counts": { "Other Serious or Important Medical Event": 22655, "Hospitalization": 8110, "Visited a Health Care Provider": 5514, "Visited Emergency Room": 5097, "Other Serious Outcome": 3223, "Life Threatening": 2633, "Other Outcome": 2588, "Disability": 2048, "Death": 873, "Allergic Reaction": 361, "Required Intervention": 209, "Congenital Anomaly": 56, "Injury": 15 }, "url": "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=outcomes.exact" }, "perYear": { "years": { "2014": 3379, "2015": 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"https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+outcomes.exact:(%22Death%22)&count=date_created" }, "weightLoss": { "reports": { "n": 913, "url": "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+products.name_brand:(hydroxycut+OR+garcinia+OR+%22weight+loss%22+OR+slim+OR+slimming+OR+%22fat+burner%22+OR+fatburner+OR+lipozene+OR+thermogenic+OR+%22green+coffee%22+OR+keto+OR+phentermine+OR+sibutramine+OR+%22raspberry+ketone%22)&limit=1" }, "serious": { "n": 410, "url": "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+products.name_brand:(hydroxycut+OR+garcinia+OR+%22weight+loss%22+OR+slim+OR+slimming+OR+%22fat+burner%22+OR+fatburner+OR+lipozene+OR+thermogenic+OR+%22green+coffee%22+OR+keto+OR+phentermine+OR+sibutramine+OR+%22raspberry+ketone%22)+AND+outcomes.exact:(%22Death%22+OR+%22Life+Threatening%22+OR+%22Hospitalization%22+OR+%22Disability%22+OR+%22Required+Intervention%22)&limit=1" }, "keywords": [ "hydroxycut", "garcinia", "\"weight loss\"", "slim", "slimming", "\"fat burner\"", "fatburner", "lipozene", "thermogenic", "\"green coffee\"", "keto", "phentermine", "sibutramine", "\"raspberry ketone\"" ] }, "sports": { "reports": { "n": 506, "url": "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+products.name_brand:(%22pre+workout%22+OR+preworkout+OR+%22pre-workout%22+OR+creatine+OR+whey+OR+bcaa+OR+%22mass+gainer%22+OR+sarm+OR+sarms+OR+testosterone+OR+%22test+booster%22+OR+bodybuilding+OR+anabolic)&limit=1" }, "serious": { "n": 235, "url": "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+products.name_brand:(%22pre+workout%22+OR+preworkout+OR+%22pre-workout%22+OR+creatine+OR+whey+OR+bcaa+OR+%22mass+gainer%22+OR+sarm+OR+sarms+OR+testosterone+OR+%22test+booster%22+OR+bodybuilding+OR+anabolic)+AND+outcomes.exact:(%22Death%22+OR+%22Life+Threatening%22+OR+%22Hospitalization%22+OR+%22Disability%22+OR+%22Required+Intervention%22)&limit=1" }, "keywords": [ "\"pre workout\"", "preworkout", "\"pre-workout\"", "creatine", "whey", "bcaa", "\"mass gainer\"", "sarm", "sarms", "testosterone", "\"test booster\"", "bodybuilding", "anabolic" ] }, "weightLossOrSports": { "reports": { "n": 1398, "url": "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+products.name_brand:(hydroxycut+OR+garcinia+OR+%22weight+loss%22+OR+slim+OR+slimming+OR+%22fat+burner%22+OR+fatburner+OR+lipozene+OR+thermogenic+OR+%22green+coffee%22+OR+keto+OR+phentermine+OR+sibutramine+OR+%22raspberry+ketone%22+OR+%22pre+workout%22+OR+preworkout+OR+%22pre-workout%22+OR+creatine+OR+whey+OR+bcaa+OR+%22mass+gainer%22+OR+sarm+OR+sarms+OR+testosterone+OR+%22test+booster%22+OR+bodybuilding+OR+anabolic)&limit=1" }, "serious": { "n": 633, "url": 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"https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.name_brand:(cbd+OR+cannabidiol+OR+hemp)+AND+products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=date_created" }, "allIndustries": { "years": { "2014": 2, "2015": 1, "2016": 1, "2017": 8, "2018": 19, "2019": 66, "2020": 43, "2021": 61, "2022": 89, "2023": 77, "2024": 50 }, "url": "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.name_brand:(cbd+OR+cannabidiol+OR+hemp)+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=date_created" } }, "kratom": { "allIndustries": { "years": { "2014": 6, "2015": 5, "2016": 20, "2017": 29, "2018": 183, "2019": 93, "2020": 42, "2021": 78, "2022": 64, "2023": 82, "2024": 93 }, "url": "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.name_brand:(kratom+OR+mitragynine+OR+kratum)+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=date_created" } }, "melatonin": { "code54": { "years": { "2014": 38, "2015": 45, "2016": 41, "2017": 47, "2018": 45, "2019": 48, "2020": 64, "2021": 49, "2022": 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"count": 230 }, { "term": "Haemorrhage", "count": 227 }, { "term": "Oropharyngeal pain", "count": 227 }, { "term": "HAEMORRHAGE", "count": 224 }, { "term": "PALPITATIONS", "count": 224 }, { "term": "Dependence", "count": 221 }, { "term": "Flatulence", "count": 221 } ], "url": "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=reactions.exact&limit=100", "merged": [ { "term": "Choking", "count": 3448, "variants": [ "Choking", "CHOKING" ] }, { "term": "Nausea", "count": 2970, "variants": [ "Nausea", "NAUSEA" ] }, { "term": "Diarrhoea", "count": 2821, "variants": [ "Diarrhoea", "DIARRHOEA" ] }, { "term": "Vomiting", "count": 2787, "variants": [ "Vomiting", "VOMITING" ] }, { "term": "Dyspnoea", "count": 2278, "variants": [ "Dyspnoea", "DYSPNOEA" ] }, { "term": "Dizziness", "count": 1982, "variants": [ "Dizziness", "DIZZINESS" ] }, { "term": "Headache", "count": 1801, "variants": [ "Headache", "HEADACHE" ] }, { "term": "Abdominal pain upper", "count": 1714, "variants": [ "Abdominal pain upper", "ABDOMINAL PAIN UPPER" ] }, { "term": "Hypersensitivity", "count": 1649, "variants": [ "Hypersensitivity", "HYPERSENSITIVITY" ] }, { "term": "Pruritus", "count": 1494, "variants": [ "Pruritus", "PRURITUS" ] }, { "term": "Malaise", "count": 1458, "variants": [ "Malaise", "MALAISE" ] }, { "term": "Dysphagia", "count": 1435, "variants": [ "DYSPHAGIA", "Dysphagia" ] }, { "term": "Blood pressure increased", "count": 1422, "variants": [ "Blood pressure increased", "BLOOD PRESSURE INCREASED" ] }, { "term": "Pain", "count": 1389, "variants": [ "Pain", "PAIN" ] }, { "term": "Foreign body", "count": 1348, "variants": [ "Foreign body", "FOREIGN BODY" ] } ], "note": "openFDA returns case variants (e.g. Choking / CHOKING) as separate terms; merged case-insensitively from the top 100 rows, so a term just outside the top 100 in one casing can be undercounted." }, "queries": [ "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54&limit=1", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=products.industry_name.exact&limit=40", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&limit=1", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+outcomes.exact:(%22Death%22+OR+%22Life+Threatening%22+OR+%22Hospitalization%22+OR+%22Disability%22+OR+%22Required+Intervention%22)&limit=1", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=outcomes.exact", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=date_created", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+outcomes.exact:(%22Death%22+OR+%22Life+Threatening%22+OR+%22Hospitalization%22+OR+%22Disability%22+OR+%22Required+Intervention%22)&count=date_created", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+outcomes.exact:(%22Death%22)&count=date_created", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+products.name_brand:(hydroxycut+OR+garcinia+OR+%22weight+loss%22+OR+slim+OR+slimming+OR+%22fat+burner%22+OR+fatburner+OR+lipozene+OR+thermogenic+OR+%22green+coffee%22+OR+keto+OR+phentermine+OR+sibutramine+OR+%22raspberry+ketone%22)&limit=1", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+products.name_brand:(hydroxycut+OR+garcinia+OR+%22weight+loss%22+OR+slim+OR+slimming+OR+%22fat+burner%22+OR+fatburner+OR+lipozene+OR+thermogenic+OR+%22green+coffee%22+OR+keto+OR+phentermine+OR+sibutramine+OR+%22raspberry+ketone%22)+AND+outcomes.exact:(%22Death%22+OR+%22Life+Threatening%22+OR+%22Hospitalization%22+OR+%22Disability%22+OR+%22Required+Intervention%22)&limit=1", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+products.name_brand:(%22pre+workout%22+OR+preworkout+OR+%22pre-workout%22+OR+creatine+OR+whey+OR+bcaa+OR+%22mass+gainer%22+OR+sarm+OR+sarms+OR+testosterone+OR+%22test+booster%22+OR+bodybuilding+OR+anabolic)&limit=1", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+products.name_brand:(%22pre+workout%22+OR+preworkout+OR+%22pre-workout%22+OR+creatine+OR+whey+OR+bcaa+OR+%22mass+gainer%22+OR+sarm+OR+sarms+OR+testosterone+OR+%22test+booster%22+OR+bodybuilding+OR+anabolic)+AND+outcomes.exact:(%22Death%22+OR+%22Life+Threatening%22+OR+%22Hospitalization%22+OR+%22Disability%22+OR+%22Required+Intervention%22)&limit=1", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+products.name_brand:(hydroxycut+OR+garcinia+OR+%22weight+loss%22+OR+slim+OR+slimming+OR+%22fat+burner%22+OR+fatburner+OR+lipozene+OR+thermogenic+OR+%22green+coffee%22+OR+keto+OR+phentermine+OR+sibutramine+OR+%22raspberry+ketone%22+OR+%22pre+workout%22+OR+preworkout+OR+%22pre-workout%22+OR+creatine+OR+whey+OR+bcaa+OR+%22mass+gainer%22+OR+sarm+OR+sarms+OR+testosterone+OR+%22test+booster%22+OR+bodybuilding+OR+anabolic)&limit=1", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]+AND+products.name_brand:(hydroxycut+OR+garcinia+OR+%22weight+loss%22+OR+slim+OR+slimming+OR+%22fat+burner%22+OR+fatburner+OR+lipozene+OR+thermogenic+OR+%22green+coffee%22+OR+keto+OR+phentermine+OR+sibutramine+OR+%22raspberry+ketone%22+OR+%22pre+workout%22+OR+preworkout+OR+%22pre-workout%22+OR+creatine+OR+whey+OR+bcaa+OR+%22mass+gainer%22+OR+sarm+OR+sarms+OR+testosterone+OR+%22test+booster%22+OR+bodybuilding+OR+anabolic)+AND+outcomes.exact:(%22Death%22+OR+%22Life+Threatening%22+OR+%22Hospitalization%22+OR+%22Disability%22+OR+%22Required+Intervention%22)&limit=1", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.name_brand:(cbd+OR+cannabidiol+OR+hemp)+AND+products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=date_created", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.name_brand:(cbd+OR+cannabidiol+OR+hemp)+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=date_created", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.name_brand:(kratom+OR+mitragynine+OR+kratum)+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=date_created", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.name_brand:(melatonin)+AND+products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=date_created", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=products.name_brand.exact&limit=100", "https://api.fda.gov/food/event.json?search=products.industry_code:54+AND+date_created:[20140101+TO+20241231]&count=reactions.exact&limit=100" ], "correction": { "date": "2026-09-26", "note": "Replaces a MODELED dataset (78,412 reports, 40.1% serious, +41.6%) previously published here and under DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20632389. Every value here is an openFDA aggregate with its query URL." }, "license": "CC-BY-4.0", "canonicalUrl": "https://healthbritannica.com/research/supplement-adverse-event-2014-2024/" }